Publications

Publications

Journal Articles and Book Chapters

  • Mills, A.J., Cowling, R.M. (2014). How Fast Can Carbon Be Sequestered When Restoring Degraded Subtropical Thicket? Restoration Ecology. 22: 571-573
  • Mills, A.J., Spear, D., Ndhlovu, T., Knight, M.H., Pienke, D.M., Hofmeyr, S. & Cowling, R.M. (2014). Biomass of large herbivores in South African subtropical thicket. African Journal of Ecology.
  • Van Luijk,G., R.M. Cowling, Riksen, M.J.P.M., & Glenday, J. 2013. Hydrological implications of desertification: Degradation of South African semi-arid subtropical thicket. Journal of Arid Environments. 91: 14-21
  • Van der Vyver, M.L., Cowling, R.M, Mills, A.J. & Difford, M. 2012. Spontaneous return of biodiversity in restored subtropical thicket: Portulacaria afra as an ecosystem engineer. Restoration Ecology. 21: 736–744
  • Van der Vyver, M.L., Cowling, R.M., Campbell, E.E. & Difford, M. 2012. Active restoration of woody canopy dominants in degraded South African semi-arid thicket is neither ecologically nor economically feasible. Applied Vegetation Science. 15: 26-34.
  • Mills, A.J., Cowling, R.M., Steyn, D., Spekreijse, J., Van den Broeck, D., Weel, S., & Boogerd, C. 2011. Portulacaria afra is constrained under extreme soil conditions in the Fish River Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany.77: 782-786.
  • Mills, A.J. & Cowling, R.M. 2009. Below-ground carbon stocks in intact and transformed subtropical thicket landscapes in semi-arid South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments. 74: 93-100.
  • Sigwela, A.M., Kerley, G.I.H., Mills, A.J. and Cowling, R.M. 2009. The impact of browsing-induced degradation on the reproduction of subtropical thicket canopy shrubs and trees. South African Journal of Botany. 75: 262 -267
  • Lechmere-Oertel, R.G., Kerley, G.I.H., Mills, A.J. & Cowling, R.M. 2008. Litter dynamics across browsing-induced fence line contrasts in succulent thicket, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 74: 51 – 659.
  • Mills, A.J., Turpie, J., Cowling, R.M., Marais, C., Kerley, G.I.H., Lechmere-Oertel, R.G., Sigwela, A.M. & Powell, M. 2007. Assessing costs, benefits and feasibility of subtropical thicket restoration in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. In: J.Aronson, S.J. Milton and J. Blignaut (eds.), Restoring Natural Capital. Science, business and practice. Island Press, Washington DC.
  • Mills, A.J. & Cowling, R.M. 2006. Rate of carbon sequestration at two thicket restoration sites in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Restoration Ecology. 14: 38-49.
  • Mills, A.J., Cowling, R.M., Fey, M.V., Kerley, G.I.H., Lechmere-Oertel, R.G., Sigwela, A.,Skowno, A. & Rundel, P.W. 2005. Effects of goat pastoralism on ecosystem carbon storage in semi-arid thicket, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Austral Ecology. 30: 807-813
  • Lechmere-Oertel, R.G., Kerley, G.I.H. & Cowling, R.M. 2005. Patterns and implications of transformation in semi-arid succulent thicket. South African Journal of Arid Environments. 62: 459 – 474.
  • Lechmere-Oertel, R.G., Kerley, G.I.H. & Cowling, R.M. 2005. Landscape dysfunction and reduced spatial heterogeneity in soil resources and fertility in semi-arid succulent thicket, South Africa. Austral Ecology. 30: 615–624
  • Mills, A.J., O’Connor, T.G., Donaldson J.S., Fey, M.V., Skowno, A.L., Sigwela, A.M., Lechmere-Oertel, R.G. & Bosenberg, J.D. 2005. Ecosystem carbon storage under different land uses in three semi-arid shrublands and a mesic grassland in South Africa. South African Journal of Plant and Soil. 22:183190.
  • Mills, A.J. & Fey, M.V. 2004. Soil carbon and nitrogen in five contrasting biomes of South Africa. South African Journal of Plant and Soil. 21: 94-103.Mills,
  • A.J. & Fey, M.V. 2004. Transformation of thicket to savanna reduces soil quality in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Plant and Soil. 265:153-163.
  • Mills, A.J. & Fey, M.V. 2004. Soil carbon and nitrogen in five contrasting biomes of South Africa exposed to different land uses. South African Journal of Soil Science. 21: 94-103
  • Vlok, J.H.J., Euston-Brown, D.I.W. & Cowling, R.M. 2003. Acock's Valley Bushveld 50 years on: new perspectives on the delimitation characterisation and origin of subtropical thicket vegetation. South African Journal of Botany. 69: 27-51.
  • Kerley, G.I.K., Boshoff, A.F. & Knight, M.H. 1999. Ecosystem integrity and sustainable land-use in the Thicket Biome, South Africa. Ecosystem Health. 5: 104-109.
  • Kerley, G.I.H., Knight, M.H. & De Kock, M. 1995. Desertification of subtropical thicket in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: are there alternatives? Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 37: 211-230.
  • Moolman, H.J. & Cowling, R.M. 1994. The impact of elephant and goat grazing on the endemic flora of South African succulent thicket. Biological Conservation. 68: 53-61
  • Holmes, P.M. & Cowling, R.M. 1993. Effects of shade on seedling growth, morphology and leaf photosynthesis in six subtropical thicket species from the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Forest Ecology and Management. 61: 199-220.
  • Midgley, J. & Cowling, R.M. 1993. Regeneration patterns in the Cape subtropical transitional thicket: where are all the seedlings? South African Journal of Botany. 59: 496-499.
  • Stuart-Hill, G.C. & Aucamp, A.J. 1993. Carrying capacity of the succulent valley bushveld of the Eastern Cape. African Journal of Range and Forage Science. 10: 1-10.
  • Stuart-Hill, G.C. 1992. Effects of elephants and goats on the Kaffrarian succulent thicket of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Journal of Applied Ecology. 29: 699-710.
  • Stuart-Hill, G.C. & Danckwerts, J.E. 1988. Influence of domestic and wild animals on the future of succulent Valley Bushveld. Pelea. 7: 45-56.
  • Guralnick L.J., Rorabaugh P.A. & Hanscom, Z. 1984a. Influence of photoperiod and leaf age on Crassulacean Acid Metabolism in Portulacaria afra (L.) Jacq.Plant Physiology. 75: 454-457.
  • Guralnick, L.J., Rorabaugh, P.A. & Hanscom, Z. 1984b. Seasonal shifts of photosynthesis in Portulacaria afra (L) Jacq. Plant Physiology. 76(3): 643-646.